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Bureau of Immunization: Immunizations Across the Lifespan
A.G. Holley State Hospital Epidemiology STD Tuberculosis & Refugee Health

Immunizations Across the Lifespan

Travelers

International travel is more popular and easier than ever. Unfortunately, serious diseases are only a plane ride away. Many countries have serious diseases, common in certain parts of the world, that we do not see in the U.S. simply because of our high coverage levels of immunizations. Not only is it important that you are protected during your travels but also when you are ready to head home. Without the necessary vaccines, you could carry home unwanted diseases to your family and friends. Protect yourself, your family, and your community by getting the proper vaccinations before you leave for your trip, and minimizing exposure risk while abroad.

Routine, Recommended, and Required

Your destination and planned activities will determine the vaccines you should receive before leaving. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ranks these vaccines in three categories:

  • Routine: Vaccines routinely recommended in the U.S. Be sure that you and your children are up-to-date before leaving. Some examples are tetanus, diphtheria, and measles.
  • Recommended: Recommended travel vaccines protect you from diseases more common in other parts of the world and vary according to the region. Some examples are hepatitis A, typhoid, influenza, and rabies.
  • Required: Required vaccines are necessary for your entry into specific countries. In these circumstances, your immunization card is just as important as your passport for entry into the country. Some examples are yellow fever and meningococcal.

To determine which vaccines you need, check out the CDC's destinations website.

When should I see my healthcare provider?

Ideally, you should be vaccinated 4 to 6 weeks before leaving on your trip. Make healthcare appointments as part of early trip planning activities. Many vaccines are given in a series and require a few days or weeks between shots. It also takes several weeks for the vaccine to become effective in your body.

We strongly recommend you speak with your healthcare provider if you are uncertain about which vaccines to receive prior to traveling. You also may need additional information if you are part of one of the following groups:

  • Immunocompromised due to chronic illness, such as diabetes or HIV
  • Pregnant or breastfeeding
  • Traveling with children or infants

Where do I go?

Travel vaccines are available in a wide range of settings. You should talk with your healthcare provider to make sure they can provide all the vaccines you need. Be aware that some offices may not routinely stock some of the vaccines. Special travel clinics offer vaccines and advice. Your local county health department is another resource.

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